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Mark A. Foltz |
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Randall Davis |
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MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab |
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July 25, 2001 |
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Query by Attention |
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Review of Spatial Selection and Visual Search |
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Mapping Info Dimensions onto Perceptual
Dimensions |
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Examples |
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Related Work, Conclusion |
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User controls attention, instead of manipulating
an interface |
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Rapid adjustment of query parameters |
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Immediate feedback |
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Can lead to more complete exploration of info
space |
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Preattentive map |
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Attended items are immediately available |
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Symmetric |
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Can filter for each kind of item equally well |
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Many values |
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Can code information precisely |
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Spatial selection |
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Attention directed to contiguous regions |
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Color |
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Shape |
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Depth |
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Motion (not always symmetric) |
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Size |
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Many factors influence the efficiency of search |
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line terminations, closure, holes, intersections |
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A conservative list |
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A less conservative list |
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Color and Shape |
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Egeth et al. 1984 |
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Motion and Shape |
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McLeod et al. 1988, McLeod et al. 1991 |
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Motion and Orientation |
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Driver and McLeod 1992 |
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Motion and Depth |
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Nakayama and Silverman, 1986 |
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Spatial selection |
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Precise |
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Can query by range |
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Hierarchical |
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Color |
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Nine values |
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Used discretely here |
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Shape |
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Structure of this dimension poorly understood |
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Interactive information filtering |
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Ahlberg and Shneiderman, CHI 1994 |
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Spotfire www.spotfire.com |
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Studies of user attention |
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Pirolli et al., CHI 2001 |
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Presentation design systems |
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VQE (Derthick et al. UIST 1997) |
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Handling large numbers of items |
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IMDB: 12,511 films 1980-2001 |
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Let user filter first |
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Handling many information attributes |
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Multiple views, dimension reduction |
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Making it easy to create these kinds of maps |
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Assisting or automating info design |
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People perceptually filter. |
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Take advantage to filter abstract information. |
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A method to map information dimensions to
perceptual dimensions. |
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Notes